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Measuring Pipeline Chemical Composition Using Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS)

Industry News Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) February 23, 2022 · Analytical Training Consultants (ATC)

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“Measuring Pipeline Chemical Composition Using Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS)”

Abstract

Recent PHMSA safety rules governing the operation of gas pipelines require operators to ensure material records are 100% traceable, verifiable, and complete (TVC) within the guidelines for the Pipeline Material Verification process defined under 192.607. Testing for chemical composition is a critical input where records are incomplete and while performing grade estimations for MAOP reconfirmation. Emerging non-destructive technology using portable handheld laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) for in-situ analyses offers one NDE methodology for assessing pipeline steel composition. We will present the LIBS technology including performance for carbon, carbon equivalency in addition to the concentrations of microalloying elements such as Nb, V, Ti, Al that may be present in the sample.

Carbon is the principal element contributing to a steel’s hardness and strength and adjusting the content is simplest practice to change its mechanical properties. Addition of alloying elements can produce favourable characteristics not achievable in typical C-Mn steels and have a strong influence on effects of heat-treating. Microalloying elements allow the producer to reduce carbon content to achieve strength while reducing susceptibility to cracking with lower carbon equivalency. Therefore, it is important for mills, producers, and fabricators to be able to measure carbon, carbon equivalency and amounts alloying elements in accordance with API Recommended Practice 578.

This presentation will provide practical guidance to inspectors, quality, and maintenance personnel on equipment selection and how to use laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) analyzers to verify the amount of constituent elements in steel components and finished welds. The application is intended to evaluate new and existing, in-service products, work in process and finished goods to determine if they meet the acceptance criteria required for service.

The Latest Developments in PMI Tools (Hand held XRF analyzers) and Applications

Industry News X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) October 27, 2017 · Analytical Training Consultants (ATC)

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“The Latest Developments in PMI Tools ( Hand held XRF analyzers) and Applications” by Brian Wilson at the 2017 API Tanks, Valves, and Piping Conference & Expo.

The Latest Developments in PMI Tools and Applications

  • Analysis of microalloying elements in high strength low alloy steels
  • Measuring residual element (RE) content in carbon steels
  • Low level silicon detection in steel piping to predict sulfidation corrosion
  • Calculating equivalency factor (EQF) using pseudo elements
  • Application demonstration

Material Verification of New Construction and Vintage Pipeline Projects

Industry News X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) April 5, 2017 · Analytical Training Consultants (ATC)

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“The Material Verification of New Construction and Vintage Pipeline Projects” by Brian Wilson at the Pipeline & Energy Expo.

Overview

  • Inform Pipeline Quality Manager & QA/QC Dept how to “Trust but Verify” MTR’s by checking the material chemistry with handheld x-ray fluorescence.
  • API 578 certification – material verification program
  • PHMSA Advisory Bulletin ABD-09-01
  • Hazardous Liquids Inspection Verification Process (HL IVP)
  • XRF theory and operations
  • Carbon Equivalency

Measuring Silicon in Carbon Steel at Ambient Temperature Using X-ray Fluorescence to Address Sulfidation Corrosion-as per API 939-C

Industry News X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) February 2, 2017 · Analytical Training Consultants (ATC)

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“Measuring Silicon in Carbon Steel at Ambient Temperature Using X-ray Fluorescence to Address Sulfidation Corrosion-as per API 939-C” by Brian Wilson at the API Inspection Summit

Practical guidance for inspectors, quality, maintenance, reliability, corrosion and operations personnel on how to use handheld XRF analyzers to quantify the amount of silicon present in carbon steel components/welds.

Objectives

  • Mechanism overview
  • Common materials
  • Equipment selection
  • Accuracy checks
  • Measurement time
  • Sample preparation
  • Acceptance criteria

Advanced Materials & Processes (AMP)-Magazine on Nondestructive Testing of Elemental Analysis Monitors Corrosion-Using XRF Technology

Industry News X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) September 1, 2016 · Analytical Training Consultants (ATC)

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“Advanced Materials & Processes (AMP)-Magazine on Nondestructive Testing of Elemental Analysis Monitors Corrosion-Using XRF Technology” – (see pages 25-26 in this article) by Brian Wilson (This is an ASM International Publication)

As industrial infrastructure continues to age, the risk of corrosion-related
incidents becomes greater, increasing the need for detailed analysis of
residual elements in steel framework and equipment.

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